{"id":278,"date":"2021-01-18T19:01:23","date_gmt":"2021-01-18T18:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/plant.pl\/?p=278"},"modified":"2021-02-19T15:16:08","modified_gmt":"2021-02-19T14:16:08","slug":"absynt-tujon-i-halucynacje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/?p=278","title":{"rendered":"Absynt, Tujon i Halucynacje"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"278\" class=\"elementor elementor-278\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-54465c9e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"54465c9e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-48d7f2a0\" data-id=\"48d7f2a0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24ecb368 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24ecb368\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-280\" style=\"font-size: 1rem;\" src=\"https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/fee-240x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"624\" srcset=\"https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/fee-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/fee.png 650w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Absynt to szmaragdowozielona w\u00f3dka, klasyfikowana cz\u0119sto jako spirytus ze wzgl\u0119du na bardzo wysok\u0105 zawarto\u015b\u0107 alkoholu etylowego (80%). Produkowany by\u0142 z alkoholu zbo\u017cowego oraz zio\u0142owych ekstrakt\u00f3w, g\u0142\u00f3wnie pio\u0142unu pospolitego (<em>Artemisia absinthium<\/em> L.), zielonego any\u017cu (<em>Pimpinella anisum<\/em> L.) i kopru w\u0142oskiego (<em>Foeniculum vulgare<\/em>). Absynt nazywany by\u0142 <b>\u201ez<\/b><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"><b>ielon\u0105 wr\u00f3\u017ck\u0105\u201d<\/b> ze wzgl\u0119du na jego zielony kolor i podobno halucynogenne w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-282\" src=\"https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/the-absinthe-drinker-thujone-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"334\" srcset=\"https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/the-absinthe-drinker-thujone-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/the-absinthe-drinker-thujone-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/the-absinthe-drinker-thujone-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/the-absinthe-drinker-thujone.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>To w\u0142a\u015bnie te w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci sprawi\u0142y, \u017ce absynt w po\u0142owie XIX w. sta\u0142 si\u0119 niezwykle popularny w\u015br\u00f3d francuskiej arystokracji oraz \u00f3wczesnej bohemy. Wielu artyst\u00f3w aby wzbogaci\u0107 swoje tw\u00f3rcze wizje pi\u0142o absynt, m.in. Oscar Wilde, poeta Charles Baudelaire oraz malarze: Pablo Picasso, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Edouard Manet i Vincent van Gogh. Kr\u0105\u017c\u0105 pog\u0142oski, \u017ce van Gogh odci\u0105\u0142 sobie ucho w\u0142a\u015bnie pod wp\u0142ywem absyntu.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-281\" src=\"https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Van-Gogh-Absinthe-Green-Fairy-and-the-Ear-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Van-Gogh-Absinthe-Green-Fairy-and-the-Ear-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Van-Gogh-Absinthe-Green-Fairy-and-the-Ear.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Szacuje si\u0119, \u017ce oko\u0142o 1900 roku spo\u017cywano we Francji 21 milion\u00f3w litr\u00f3w absyntu rocznie. Trunek by\u0142 tak popularny, \u017ce w niekt\u00f3rych cz\u0119\u015bciach Europy godzina pi\u0105ta (czas spotka\u0144 w kawiarniach) by\u0142a nazywana <b>\u201eZielon\u0105 godzin\u0105\u201d<\/b>. Nadu\u017cywanie absyntu prowadzi\u0142o jednak cz\u0119sto do zatru\u0107 a w skrajnych przypadkach do psychoz a nawet samob\u00f3jstw. Zesp\u00f3\u0142 objaw\u00f3w nazwany zosta\u0142 <b>\u201eszale\u0144stwem absyntowym\u201d<\/b> (halucynacje, grymasy twarzy, demencja i odr\u0119twienie). Za te skutki obwiniano pocz\u0105tkowo zawarty w alkoholu <b>tujon <\/b>(doszukiwano si\u0119 podobie\u0144stwa do THC \u2013 substancji aktywnej w marihuanie), jednak p\u00f3\u017aniejsze badania (druga po\u0142owa XIX w.) obali\u0142y t\u0105 teori\u0119. Badacze doszli do wniosku, \u017ce przyczyn\u0105 cz\u0119stych zatru\u0107 oraz atak\u00f3w szale\u0144stwa by\u0142y zbyt du\u017ce dawki wysokoprocentowego alkoholu.<\/p>\n<p>Analiza chemiczna wykaza\u0142a, \u017ce g\u0142\u00f3wnym sk\u0142adnikiem olejku eterycznego pio\u0142unu jest faktycznie <b>tujon <\/b>(ten sam, kt\u00f3ry wyst\u0119puje ro\u015blinach Tuja Szmaragd) ale jego st\u0119\u017cenie w absyncie wynosi\u0142o zaledwie 0,003 %. Nie mniej jednak, powszechne nadu\u017cywanie absyntu (oraz silne lobby winiarskie) doprowadzi\u0142o na pocz\u0105tku XX w. do wprowadzenia ca\u0142kowitego zakazu jego produkcji.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-283\" src=\"https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/efsv8yw0jti21-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/efsv8yw0jti21-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/efsv8yw0jti21-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/efsv8yw0jti21-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/efsv8yw0jti21-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/plant.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/efsv8yw0jti21-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Mimo wielu p\u00f3\u017aniejszych naukowych bada\u0144, zdania na temat w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci absyntu podzielone s\u0105 do dzisiaj.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>W tw\u00f3rczo\u015bci Oscara Wilde\u2019a mo\u017cemy jednak znale\u017a\u0107 bardzo ciekawy zapis: \u201ePo pierwszym kieliszku widzisz rzeczy tak, jak by\u015b sobie tego \u017cyczy\u0142. Po chwili zobaczysz je takimi, jakimi nie s\u0105. Wreszcie widzisz rzeczy takimi, jakimi s\u0105 naprawd\u0119, co jest najstraszniejsz\u0105 rzecz\u0105 na \u015bwiecie\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-58f9f22 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"58f9f22\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ba54e8\" data-id=\"0ba54e8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e34bb7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e34bb7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/228545689_Estimation_of_thujone_levels_in_pre-ban_absinthe?fbclid=IwAR19iEs87xJzrlncnfH3l-Vw8uklxebuQQrFTMLo8ugqSmjEVZCFFcVS6Oo\">1. Estimation of thujone levels in pre-ban absinthe<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe311d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fe311d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.10best.com\/interests\/drinks\/everything-you-think-you-know-about-absinthe-is-a-dirty-lie\/?fbclid=IwAR3iB7sUhwna_HcUCOMAGV0r-srowh42UnczBEMmAEEllcJzN7qsat8rJIw\">2. Everything you know about absinthe is a lie<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0d9203 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f0d9203\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kopalniawiedzy.pl\/absynt-absyntyzm-szalenstwo-absyntowe-tujon-piolun-dr-Dirk-Lachenmeier,4762?fbclid=IwAR3O3gjGFgRyE9Z7EgNCMfGbCfIenmPNrJPezqLIQoakbWeb8AZoWShYyQs\">3. Absynt odarty z tajemnicy<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cbefe7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cbefe7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebotanist.com\/news\/edible-plants\/thujone-is-it-safe\/?fbclid=IwAR16UNlS4dpqfYnrqzE1_5gERUj00HM-BWMrOQl6kGNrXZJ1u31ZWzmb-R8\">4. Thujone, is it safe ? <\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4eadda3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4eadda3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/97\/8\/3826?fbclid=IwAR13w_Yzxk-16GczKfL6MsAYUvWd2LFUsN7M7HiiFkM2VnblKijIkI7CooM\">5. \u03b1-Thujone (the active component of absinthe): \u03b3-Aminobutyric acid type A receptor modulation and metabolic detoxification<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1332b4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1332b4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.evergreen.edu\/plantchemeco\/thujone-psychedelic-potent-cancer-treatment-or-poison\/?fbclid=IwAR2-Z5ycmgum0FOzJJ2QeoCOYLeN4tjQTF1w5fuznSn1jxpo8mIN6FGEK9E\">6. Thujone: Psychedelic, Potent Cancer Treatment, or Poison?<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f707eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f707eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC34311\/?fbclid=IwAR3Kt0l5sSAWMXauoK5bpTNtccw6YjMq3W9txdIAtz7dQ49xZ59XiroGO54\">7. Absinthe and \u03b3-aminobutyric acid receptors <\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f1ed46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3f1ed46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/228492325_Absinthe_Absinthism_and_Thujone-New_Insight_into_the_Spirit&#039;s_Impact_on_Public_Health\">8. Absinthe, Absinthism and Thujone\u2013New Insight into the Spirit's Impact on Public Health<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-512b432 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"512b432\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\"><a href=\"https:\/\/naturespoisons.com\/2014\/02\/27\/thujone-absinthe-wormwood\/\">9. Thujone: Absinthe and Wormwood Wonders<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Absynt to szmaragdowozielona w\u00f3dka, klasyfikowana cz\u0119sto jako spirytus ze wzgl\u0119du na bardzo wysok\u0105 zawarto\u015b\u0107 alkoholu etylowego (80%). Produkowany by\u0142 z alkoholu zbo\u017cowego oraz zio\u0142owych ekstrakt\u00f3w, g\u0142\u00f3wnie pio\u0142unu pospolitego (Artemisia absinthium L.), zielonego any\u017cu (Pimpinella anisum L.) i kopru w\u0142oskiego (Foeniculum vulgare). Absynt nazywany by\u0142 \u201ezielon\u0105 wr\u00f3\u017ck\u0105\u201d ze wzgl\u0119du na jego zielony kolor i podobno halucynogenne &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/plant.pl\/?p=278\" class=\"more-link\">Czytaj dalej<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> \u201eAbsynt, Tujon i Halucynacje\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=278"}],"version-history":[{"count":44,"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":865,"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278\/revisions\/865"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plant.pl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}